Exploring suicide attempt survivors: A case study using the 4PS factor model

https://doi.org/10.70228/PFREE2024012CAS

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ABSTRACT

Suicide attempts represent a significant public health concern, reflecting the complex interplay of multiple factors influencing individuals in crisis. This study aimed to explore cases of suicide attempt survivors in Southern Negros, Philippines using the Predisposing, Precipitating, Perpetuating, and Protective (4Ps) Factor Model. The participants were composed of three females and one male who survived suicide attempts. They were selected through purposive sampling and referral. The study utilized three instruments: the Suicide Potential Inventory for Filipinos, the in-depth interview, and key informant interview guides. Results show that the participants' predisposing factors include age vulnerability, poverty or financial difficulty, problematic family life, and lack of faith in God. Moreover, feelings of loneliness and hopelessness, accessibility of suicide materials or methods, suicide ideation, helplessness, negative self-evaluation, and hostility, were identified as the common precipitating factors. Unresolved issues, continued hostile thoughts or pain tolerance, previous suicide experiences, and depression or poor mental health were the common perpetuating factors. Meanwhile, protective factors included a deeper connection with God, acceptance and validation, being heard or healthy communication, working on oneself, diverting to hobbies and interests, ignoring negative thoughts, having internal and external motivations, and sharing their story with others. Proposed recommendations: the goal is to contribute to life preservation by identifying people at risk, addressing triggers, and consistently providing recovery support.

Keywords: suicide attempt survivors, 4Ps Factor Model, suicide triggers, psychosocial intervention, mental health, case study, Southern Negros, Philippines